Fig. 4. Cd activates p38 MAPK which is implicated in migration. (A) and (B): HT-29 cells were treated with Cd (100 nM) for 0, 5, 10, 30 and 60 minutes and p38 MAPK phosphorylation levels were determined by western blotting. (C) and (D): Cells were pretreated with SB202190 (10 µM) for 30 minutes followed by Cd (100 nM) and migration was determined by wound healing assay. Values are the mean ± SEM of three replicates. * denotes p<0.05.